Analisis dan Pendekatan Sistem dalam Pengembangan Kurikulum
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Abstract
This study examines the application of a systems approach in curriculum development as a response to the dynamic and complex educational needs of the 21st century. The curriculum is viewed as an open, integrative system consisting of goals, content, learning strategies, learning resources, and evaluation that interact with each other. Through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of literature from 2015-2025, an analysis was conducted to understand the concepts, principles, and implementation of the systems approach in designing and managing curricula. The study results indicate that the systems approach can enhance the effectiveness, relevance, and sustainability of the curriculum by integrating various components holistically and adaptively in response to social, technological, and workforce needs. This approach also strengthens continuous evaluation and data-driven decision-making, supporting educational equity and accountability. Nevertheless, there are empirical limitations and Standard evaluation instruments that need to be addressed through future research, especially in the context of formal and non-formal education in Indonesia. The social and ethical implications of the systems approach emphasize the importance of transparency, inclusiveness, and human values in the development of a sustainable curriculum
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References
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